一种机器人砂带磨削的路径规划方法(英文)

机器人砂带磨削系统具有弹性接触和宽行加工两个显著优点,被广泛应用在具有复杂工件的终加工领域,提高表面质量和加工效率。有关在曲率约束下的磨削路径规划研究较为少见。由于工件与接触轮之间存在复杂的弹性接触,因此,机器人磨削路径可以利用接触运动学的一般方法来求解。机器人砂带磨削过程且需要满足一般的砂带磨削工艺要求,其中最重要的是保证接触轮与工件的局部几何特征贴合。在曲率较小的局部,相邻刀位点的弧长加大,以保证加工效率。相反地,在曲率较大的局部,相邻刀位点的弧长较小,以保证加工精度。利用一系列平面与目标曲面相截,得到相应的截平面的轮廓曲线。对于任意一条轮廓线,优化相邻刀位点之间的弧长,在曲率较大的局部增加一个中间刀位点。本文提出了一种包含弧长优化和主曲率匹配的磨削路径生产方法,通过离线仿真验证了有效性,并利用该方法提高了曲面的磨削质量。该路径规划方法为生成光顺且精确的机器人曲面磨削路径提供了理论依据。     

磨料水射流切割的技术特征和工艺特征

分析了磨料水射流(AWJ)在难加工材料切割中切割断面、切缝和工艺参数影响等技术特征,提出从切割起点孔、直线段和曲线段的加工工艺改进来保证其切割质量。     

Performance evaluation of creep feed grinding of γ-TiAl intermetallics with electroplated diamond wheels

This paper evaluates the performance of creep feed grinding γ-TiAl intermetallic (Ti-45Al-2Mn-2Nb) using electroplated diamond wheels. Firstly, a comparative analysis with the grinding results by using electroplated CBN wheels was conducted, mainly involving abrasive wheel wear behavior and maximum material removal rate below surface burn limit. It was found that the diamond wheel would produce much better grinding results including lower wheel wear rate and higher maximum material removal rate. Then the surface integrity obtained at different level of material removal rate was characterized with the utilization of the diamond wheel. The poor ductility of this γ-TiAl intermetallic material was found to have a marginal effect on the surface integrity, as no severe surface defects such as material pullout were generated during the stable wheel wear stage. For the involved operating parameters, a deformation layer was produced with ∼10 μm or more in thickness depending on the material removal rate used. Meanwhile, a work-hardened layer extending to more than 100 μm was produced with a maximum microhardness of above 520 HV_0.05 (bulk value 360 HV_0.05). The residual stress remained compressive, with a value of above −100 MPa and even up to −500 MPa for an elevated material removal rate. Shearing chip was the main chip type, indicating good wheel sharpness in the grinding process.     

利用交变旋转磁场去除叶片气膜孔毛刺的试验研究

对航空发动机叶片采用电火花打出气膜冷却孔后产生的毛刺,用传统的加工方法难以去除,利用交变旋转电磁场带动微细磁针旋转与气膜冷却孔发生碰撞可有效去除叶片气膜冷却孔的毛刺。从理论上分析了磁力研磨法的工作原理、磁力研磨过程中磁针的运动方式以及影响磁力研磨加工效率的因素,并对气膜冷却孔进行磁力研磨抛光试验;采用3D超景深显微镜观察叶片气膜冷却孔研磨前后表面微观形貌的变化。试验结果表明:利用磁力研磨法可以有效去除叶片气膜冷却孔的毛刺,使表面形貌得到改善,满足工件的使用要求。     

Fracture behavior and self-sharpening mechanisms of polycrystalline cubic boron nitride in grinding based on cohesive element method

Unlike monocrystalline cubic boron nitride (CBN), polycrystalline CBN (PCBN) shows not only higher fracture resistance induced by tool-workpiece interaction but also better self-sharpening capability; therefore, efforts have been devoted to the study of PCBN applications in manufacturing engineering. Most of the studies, however, remain qualitative due to difficulties in experimental observations and theoretical modeling and provide limited in-depth understanding of the self-sharpening behavior/mechanism. To fill this research gap, the present study investigates the self-sharpening process of PCBN abrasives in grinding and analyzes the macro-scale fracture behavior and highly localized micro-scale crack propagation in detail. The widely employed finite element (FE) method, together with the classic Voronoi diagram and cohesive element technique, is used considering the pronounced success of FE applications in polycrystalline material modeling. Grinding trials with careful observation of the PCBN abrasive morphologies are performed to validate the proposed method. The self-sharpening details, including fracture morphology, grinding force, strain energy, and damage dissipation energy, are studied. The effects of maximum grain cut depths (MGCDs) and grinding speeds on the PCBN fracture behavior are discussed, and their optimum ranges for preferable PCBN self-sharpening performance are suggested.     

磨粒流工艺在航空发动机修理中的应用

简要介绍了磨粒流加工工艺的基本原理,阐述了磨粒流加工在航空发动机制造和修理领域上的应用优势,并就磨粒流工艺在襄阳航泰机器厂发动机修理过程中的应用情况做了详细介绍。     

SiCP/Al复合材料棱镜组件研磨工艺方法研究

通过对SiCp/Al复合材料棱镜组件研磨工艺试验及其结果分析,总结、优化了研磨工艺参数、研磨砂种类、粒度、研磨时间、研磨工艺过程等参数,研磨出的棱镜组件符合其精度要求,为棱镜组件在平台上的安装精度提供了基础.     

加砂切割工艺参数优化

根据了加砂切割工艺的特点,通过工艺参数实验,对各种参数对切割质量的影响进行了系统分析。     

Grindability and Surface Integrity of Cast Nickel-based Superalloy in Creep Feed Grinding with Brazed CBN Abrasive Wheels

The technique of creep feed grinding is most suitable for geometrical shaping, and therefore has been expected to improve effectively material removal rate and surface quality of components with complex profile. This article studies experimentally the effects of process parameters (i.e. wheel speed, workpiece speed and depth of cut) on the grindability and surface integrity of cast nickel-based superalloys, i.e. K424, during creep feed grinding with brazed cubic boron nitride (CBN) abrasive wheels. Some important factors, such as grinding force and temperature, specific grinding energy, size stability, surface topography, microhardness and microstructure alteration of the sub-surface, residual stresses, are investigated in detail. The results show that during creep feed grinding with brazed CBN wheels, low grinding temperature at about 100 °C is obtained though the specific grinding energy of nickel-based superalloys is high up to 200-300 J/mm³. A combination of wheel speed 22.5 m/s, workpiece speed 0.1 m/min, depth of cut 0.2 mm accomplishes the straight grooves with the expected dimensional accuracy. Moreover, the compressive residual stresses are formed in the burn-free and crack-free ground surface.     

含润滑相的超音速喷涂WC复合涂层性能研究

采用超音速火焰喷涂方法,以传统粉末WC-10Co-4Cr为基体,添加MoS2制备WC-10Co-4Cr/MoS2自润滑复合涂层;利用SEM和XRD对比分析了添加不同含量MoS2的涂层微观组织结构和物相;重点进行了磨粒磨损实验,研究MoS2对超音速喷涂WC涂层摩擦学特性的影响机理;测试了其显微硬度。结果表明:引入的MoS2少部分转化成新态,其余则进入WC涂层空隙中,其显微硬度与未添加MoS2涂层相比略有降低;相同试验条件下,含MoS2涂层有效地降低了磨粒磨损质量损失,提高了涂层的耐磨性;WC-10Co-4Cr/MoS2复合涂层具有很好的自润滑性,MoS2质量百分含量为15%时WC-10Co-4Cr/MoS2复合涂层的摩粒磨损性能最佳。